This study sets out to discuss and test the potential risk factors of energy efficiency retrofits. It reviews both the short- and long-term assumptions regarding the various uncertainties associated with input parameters to assess their potential effect on outcomes predicted by conventional...

Despite some recent conceptual studies and a modicum of empirical evidence, urban models do not currently take into account the energy efficiency of buildings. This paper presents a framework for incorporating energy efficiency and energy use of buildings into urban models based on microeconomic...

The study investigates uncertainty of financial performance of energy efficient office buildings to establish how making an asset energy efficient changes its financial characteristics. Two hypotheses explaining why a change may occur are presented and examined (one based on higher demand and...

Despite extensive empirical evidence of the economic and financial benefits of green buildings, energy retrofit investments in existing buildings have not reached widespread adoption.This paper empirically estimate returns to energy retrofit investments for multifamily and commercial buildings...