Necessity spin-offs are organized by employees of incumbent firms to escape deterioratingjob conditions. This paper proposes a conceptual model of the spin-off process. Necessityspin-offs are distinguished from opportunity spin-offs on the basis of their triggering events.An empirical analysis...

Based on new data, this paper studies invention disclosure, licensing, and firm formationactivities of Max Planck Institute directors over the time period 1985-2004, and analyzestheir effects on scientists’ publication and citation records. The results are consistent withprior findings that...

The theoretical literature identifies three important entrepreneurial dimensions,namely discovering new opportunities, responsiveness to uncertainty, and coordination of a firm.In the empirical literature, past experience has been identified as having an important influenceon organizational...

The objective of this paper is to relate entrepreneurship to a theory of the humanmind, setting both within an evolutionary perspective. The first requirement,therefore, is to indicate what this perspective implies. As a generic concept, I takeevolution to be the self-transformation of a system...

IntroductionEntrepreneurship is a fundamental driver of economic evolution. It is also a distinctly spatially unevenprocess, and thus an important explanation of the uneven economic development of regions andnations. Not surprisingly, entrepreneurship is a key element of evolutionary economics...