Institutional change generates new opportunities, yet theory remains unclear on how durable, stable institutions, which are thought to constrain individuals, may also foster variation in individual behavior. We argue that institutions might enable variation in behavior by allowing, rather than...

Institutional changes create entrepreneurial opportunities and entrepreneurs strategically respond to institutional pressure. However, we lack an understanding of how institutional changes impact entrepreneurial strategies. By exploiting the regional disparities in China's economic transition,...

Research- and technology-intensive universities, especially via their entrepreneurial spinoffs, have a dramatic impact on the economies of the United States and its fifty states. A new report on just one such university, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, indicates conservatively that,...

Prior research often focuses on how many entrepreneurial firms are created, rather than on institutions that encourage specific types of firms or entrepreneurs. This paper identifies institutional changes that reduce barriers to growth as an important factor influencing the propensity of...

Stanford University has a deep history in entrepreneurship and technological innovation. For more than a century, the university has incubated ideas, educated entrepreneurs and fostered breakthrough technologies that have been instrumental in the rise and constant regeneration of Silicon Valley,...

The analogy of ‘letting a thousand flowers bloom' leads to a perspective that institutional change should focus on making it easier to become an entrepreneur. In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework that links the attributes of institutional change and its local context with the...