Existing probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set (PHFS) measures are constructed using two information measures: hesitancy and unwrapped probabilities. We argue that unifying these semantic terms in PHFS information theory is not logical. We introduce a new class of information measures for PHFSs,...

The elements of collective decision making -- Collective reasoning and coalescing reasoning -- Individual reasoning within a reasoning community -- The generic/actual argument model -- Communicating reasoning and dialectics -- Narrative reasoning -- Ontologies and the semantic web -- Pragmatic...