We examine the effect of free-riding and decision bias on the dual-channel operations of a supply chain consisting of one retailer and one manufacturer, in which the manufacturer has an option to open the direct channel. Under the dual-channel scenario, we explore the role of the free-riding of...

Pull contracts are extensively studied in supply chains, but without considering barter exchange, which can help to handle the excessive inventory. We examine this gap by exploring the implications of barter exchange in a wholesale-price pull contract within the framework of a two-level supply...