We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the ”The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index).” The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic...

We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the "The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index)." The GCD-Index calculation is based on the Concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic and...

This paper introduces an alternative index to measure the external sector from different perspectives. Called "External Sector Development Index (SXi)," this index is a new analytical tool for studying the trend of external sector in any country or region. The SXi is strongly affiliated with the...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Bangkok, Thailand. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Canberra, Australia. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Moscow, Russia. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1:...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Madrid, Spain. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1:...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Paris, France. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1:...