Reviewing the birth of the modern international financial system since its Bretton Woods roots, Professor Jan Kregel shows that the roots of today’s problems and imbalances were already present from the outset. In “The Clearing Union Principle as the Basis for Regional Financial Arrangements...

While the traditional approach to the adjustment of international imbalances assumes industrialized countries at a similar level of development and with similar production structures, such imbalances have historically been the result of a process of catching up by lateindustrializing developing...