The relative cost of carbon emissions reductions across regions depends on whether we measure cost by marginal or total cost, private or economy-wide cost, and using market or purchasing power parity exchange rates. If all countries are on the same marginal carbon abatement cost curve then lower...

The aim of this study is to measure and understand the long-term factors behind trends in energy and carbon intensity in different economies. It also looks at how improvements in energy efficiency are spread to countries around the world. Of particular interest is the rate at which efficiency...

As part of the negotiating process for a post-Kyoto climate policy regime, several developing economies have announced carbon emission targets for 2020. China and India’s commitments are framed as emissions intensity reductions by 40 to 45 per cent and 20 to 25 per cent respectively between...

Acknowledgements: Elbert Dijkgraaf for providing the data used in their paper.

Interfuel substitutability has been of longstanding interest to energy economists and policy makers. However, there has been no quantitative meta-analysis of this literature. This research report fills this gap by analysing a broad sample of studies of interfuel substitution in the industrial...

This study uses a stochastic production frontier to model energy efficiency trends, in 85 countries over a 37 year period. No structure is imposed on technological change over time, although differences in technology level across the countries are modelled as a stochastic function of explanatory...

The relative cost of carbon emissions reductions across regions depends on whether we measure costby marginal or total cost, private or economy-wide cost, and using market or purchasing power parityexchange rates. If all countries are on the same marginal carbon abatement cost curve then...

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis – an inverted U-shape relationbetween various indicators of environmental degradation and income per capita –has become one of the ‘stylised facts’ of environmental and resource economics.This is despite considerable criticism on both...

The long-run average growth rates of per capita carbon dioxide emissions and GDP per capita are positively correlated, though the rate of emissions intensity reduction varies widely across countries. The conventional approach to investigating these relationships involves panel regression models...

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis – an inverted U-shape relation between various indicators of environmental degradation and income per capita – has become one of the ‘stylised facts’ of environmental and resource economics. This is despite considerable criticism on both...