For a given technology, two ways are available to achieve low polluting emissions: reducing production per capita or reducing population size. This paper insists on the tension between the former and the latter. Controlling pollution either through Pigovian taxes or through tradable quotas...

This paper examines the intergenerational costs and benefts of environmental regulation in the context of climate change. We believe this issue has not been adequately addressed in comparison with the search for efficiency-induced outcomes in the relevant literature. The cost-benefit analysis...

Preventive environmental policy may be aimed at stimulating structural change in the consumption of materials. By reducing the resource input of production, less emissions and wastes will occur that have a negative impact on the natural environment. Several authors note that structural change in...

Sustainable economic growth is considered as implying a constant or declining flow of polluting emissions. This depends crucially on technological progress consisting on a continuous flow of environment friendly innovation. The paper shows that environmental regulation is necessary to achieve...