prominent example, it enters new fields of application, such as land use policy and biodiversity protection, water quality and …, for example, land use management, biodiversity protection and water trading. Permit Trading in Different Applications …

environmental impacts of human land-use, including the deployment of renewable energy sources. While exclusion zones may provide …

The ecological literature suggests that biodiversity reduces the variance of ecosystem services. Thus, conservative … biodiversity management has an insurance value to risk-averse users of ecosystem services. We analyze a conceptual ecological … and external effects of management effort on biodiversity; and (iii) the welfare loss due to free-riding may decrease or …