This paper examines causal relationships between environment, GDP and trade for Iran using annual data over the period 1970-201, applying the techniques of the long–run Granger non–causality test proposed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995). The results suggest that there is a long-run relationship...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between CO2 emissions and GDP in a panel of 11 selected oil exporting countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2011. A three-variable model is formulated with openness as the third variable. The...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between environmental quality, GDP and trade for MENA region countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2011. The results show a strong causality from GDP and trade to environmental quality in...

This paper investigates the causal relationship between environmental quality, economic growth and trade in D8 countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2011. The results suggest that there is a long-run relationship between these variables....