This paper develops a closed-loop supply chain model consisting of a single manufacturer, single retailer, and single collector under various coordination scenarios. New products produced from the manufacturing and remanufacturing processes will be sold to the market at the same price. Used...

This paper aims to minimize the emissions in the supply chain consisting of a vendor and a buyer under carbon regulations. Emissions from the supply chain are generated by several operations, namely production, transportation and storage, and are sought to be reduced by implementing a carbon tax...