Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to set out to critically review the approaches developed for the assessment of the equity gap, extending the quantitative approaches to the equity gap and developing a demand‐side model that allows accurate prediction of the future demand for equity....

Explores the idea that Europe's growth problems may be caused by weaknesses in capital markets and in the access to risk capital. It addresses the evaluation of the financial needs and constraints of start-up firms and how these might be bridged. The role of public sector intervention is...