transportation–and railroads. This paper develops a model of how pipeline investment and railroad use are determined in equilibrium …-by-rail's environmental externalities by increasing its costs should lead to large increases in pipeline investment and substitution of oil … flows from rail to pipe. Similarly, we find that policies enjoining pipeline construction would cause 80-90% of the …

Canada. For this purpose, this communiqué provides a retrospective look at the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline …