This article demonstrates that normality test procedures that include individual detrending of short-term panel data can severely reduce the power of normality tests and strongly bias normality tests in a Type II direction. An alternative error component implicit detrending procedure is...

Agricultural production is often exposed to several sources of risks, uncertainties and random shocks. These risks and random shocks make the evaluation the influence of policy interventions in the agricultural sector difficult due to the existence of limited data about random events....