consumption via managing inflation expectations based on the Euler equation. Unconventional fiscal policy uses trivial … announcements of future consumer-price increases to boost inflation expectations and consumption expenditure on impact. Instead …

fiscal policy convergence within the proposed WAM and EAM zones. The introduction of common currencies in West and East … Africa is facing stiff challenges in the timing of monetary convergence, the imperative of central bankers to apply common … panel GMM estimation with data from different non-overlapping intervals is employed. The implied rate of convergence and the …

, called the NATREX. The fundamentals are primarily social consumption/GDP, which is generally driven by fiscal policy, and the … productivity of the economy. Trends in social consumption/GDP, and in fiscal policy, reflected political regime changes in France …