The paper studies the patent productivity of scientists over their life cycle. The incentives for patenting and for … publishing are compared and how they shape life cycle productivity. In most empirical studies, publication productivity decreases … productivity over the life time. In the empirical part the patents of nearly 1000 German patent active professors are analyzed. The …

. Combining these expressions with publicly available data on salary, job titles, department affiliation, research productivity … preferences for unionization at research universities. We find that faculty with higher pay and greater research productivity are … accounting for pay and productivity, faculty in fields documented elsewhere to have more politically liberal participants are …

. Combining these expressions with publicly available data on salary, job titles, department affiliation, research productivity … preferences for unionization at research universities. We find that faculty with higher pay and greater research productivity are … accounting for pay and productivity, faculty in fields documented elsewhere to have more politically liberal participants are …