quantifies how wages change with years of schooling. We find that the time series evidence on Austria and Germany is not …

employment. It is shown that the usual trade off between employment and wages disappears in the long run. In line with an …

question using unique, granular data on innovation investment in R&D and diffusion from a representative survey of German firms …. Our data allows to identify the crisis-induced innovation investment cuts with mean conditional reductions of -65% (R … estimate that a 1% cyclical output drop translates into a -0.3% fall in innovation investment. Firm-level financial constraints …

goods, services, people, capital and hence ideas, knowledge, innovation, and technology. Economic integration encourages …

distribution. We use this change in skill distribution of workers to analyze the effect of immigration on wages. Our model allows …, we find that, in line with much of the related empirical literature, immigration has a small effect on average real wages … different skill levels in all states, and that the effect of immigration on wages and wage inequality varies systematically with …