Short lived arbitrage opportunities arise when prices adjust with a lag to new information. They are toxic because they expose dealers to the risk of trading at stale quotes. Hence, theory implies that more frequent toxic arbitrage opportunities and a faster arbitrageurs' response to these...

We study the relation between limit order flow, market order flow and returns. We develop a model where market-makers face inventory risk and adverse selection and show how prices depend on market and limit order flows. In the model, market-makers receive information through trade with customers...

In this paper we describe a theoretical model of optimal investment of various types of financially constrained firms. We show that the resulting relationship between internal funds and investment is non-monotonic. In particular, the magnitude of the cash flow sensitivity of the investment is...

We identify a global risk factor in the cross-section of implied volatility returns in currency markets. A zero-cost strategy that buys forward volatility agreements with downward sloping implied volatility curves and sells those with upward slopes - volatility carry strategy - generates...

We study the relation between limit order flow, market order flow and returns. We develop a model where market-makers face inventory risk and adverse selection and show how prices depend on market and limit order flows. In the model, market-makers receive information through trade with customers...