basic balance of the Philippines of about 6.5 percent in 2021 (and declining during the years prior to it). This BOPC growth … the BOPC growth rate. The Philippines must lift the constraints that impede a higher growth of exports. In particular, it …

This paper provides new estimates of Okun’s unemployment-output relationship in euro area countries between 1979 and … characterise the literature and that the responsiveness of output to unemployment is driven by idiosyncratic factors in both euro …

This study considers the nonlinear relationship between GDP growth and unemployment in France (1975-2024) using a … logistic smooth transition regression (LSTR) model. Findings reveal a threshold unemployment rate of 7.93%, above which the … traditional Okun's law holds (GDP growth reduces unemployment). Below this threshold, an inverted Okun's law emerges, where …

Wald test and error correction model provide exactly the same conclusion of a uni-directional causality from unemployment … contrary to unemployment–output relationship even though unemployment rate determines the real output growth in Nigeria but not … drastic reduction of unemployment which is a pointer to increasing aggregate demand and output growth in Nigeria in the long …

The concept of the "employment thresholdin the public discussion of unemployment. The employment threshold is defined … productivity. It is related to the Okun coefficient which describes the relationship between the changes of output and unemployment …

In this paper, we analyse Okun's law - a relation between the change in the unemployment rate and GDP growth - using … fruitful. In terms of dynamic effects, a shock to GDP growth has robustly negative effects on the change in the unemployment …