Since the beginning of 2020, the effect of COVID-19 on the stock markets in developed and developing countries has been taken the attention of researchers. However, the existing empirical studies mainly focus on the short period. The present study aims to close this hole in the prior studies on...

The focal point of this study is to investigate the possible determinants of public education expenditures for Balkan countries. Panel cointegration, FMOLS, DOLS, panel causality tests have been conducted throughout this study. The empirical findings reveal that GDP per capita income, economic...

Crude oil price returns and the U.S. stock market (S&P500 index) returns for the period 2006-2016. In the empirical analyses, univariate GARCH and multivariate GARCH (BEKK-GARCH) models are employed to investigate potential volatility spillover effect of crude oil price returns on the S&P500...

This study aims to shed some light on the causal link between bank credit supply and economic growth in Turkey for the banks with the different ownership structures between 1993Q4 and 2017Q3. Wavelet coherence test is used to obtain this objective and to answer the following questions: (i) does...