In this paper, we show that conditions derived under the CAPM ensure only weak exogeneity in a linear regression setting. Since strong exogeneity is not guaranteed, the OLS estimator of CAPM beta is only consistent but not necessarily unbiased. We provide empirical evidence that individual daily...

This paper examines the effect of income smoothing on information uncertainty, stock returns, and cost of equity. I show that income smoothing through both total accruals and discretionary accruals tends to reduce firms' information uncertainty, as measured by stock return volatility, analyst...

Existing literature has documented a number of cross-sectional stock return predictive patterns or the so-called anomalies. This paper examines two important issues: are the anomalies pervasive in different stock samples and do factor models provide valid inferences on anomalous returns? First,...

In this paper, we propose a nonparametric identification and estimation procedure for an It6 diffusion process based on discrete sampling observations. The nonparametric kernel estimator for the diffusion function developed in this paper deals with general It6 diffusion processes and avoids any...