We introduce a novel and convenient approach to utility modeling. In doing so, we present a general utility function in a very simple exact form. Furthermore, we develop a method to (accurately) measure preferences without any utility data. We also devise a method to measure the marginal...

We introduce a method that eliminates the specification error and spurious relationships in regression. In addition, we introduce a test of strong causality. Furthermore, hypothesis testing (inference) becomes almost unneeded. Moreover, this method virtually resolves error problems such as...

We show that, in practice, the standard unit root tests, cointegration tests, and similar tests are unreliable. This conclusion is more generally applicable to other regression-based tests. In particular, these tests attempt to solve a problem by creating another problem