Textbook theory predicts that t-ratios decline towards zero in regressions when there is increasing collinearity between two independent variables. This article shows that this rarely happens if the two variables are endogenous, and coefficients increase greatly with more collinearity. The...

Weak instruments can produce biased IV estimators and hypothesis tests with large size distortions. But what, precisely, are weak instruments, and how does one detect them in practice? This paper proposes quantitative definitions of weak instruments based on the maximum IV estimator bias, or the...

This paper considers tests in an instrumental variables (IVs) regression model with IVs that may be weak. Tests that have near-optimal asymptotic power properties with Gaussian errors for weak and strong IVs have been determined in Andrews, Moreira, and Stock (2006a). In this paper, we seek...

In a model with endogenous regressors, heteroskedastic and autocorrelated (HAC) errors and weak instruments, tests that depend on the data only through the Anderson-Rubin (AR) and Lagrange Multiplier (LM) statistics ignore important information on the regression coefficients. This is in contrast...

This paper considers tests of the parameter on endogenous variables in an instrumental variables regression model. The focus is on determining tests that have certain optimal power properties. We start by considering a model with normally distributed errors and known error covariance matrix. We...

Weak instruments can produce biased IV estimators and hypothesis tests with large size distortions. But what, precisely, are weak instruments, and how does one detect them in practice? This paper proposes quantitative definitions of weak instruments based on the maximum IV estimator bias, or the...