The US Congress is a racialized governing institution that plays an important role structuring the racial hierarchy in the nation. Despite Congress’s influence, there is little theoretical and empirical research on its racialized structure – that is, how it operates and the racial processes...

This paper examines the effects of question ordering on support for affirmative action (AA) for women and racial minorities. Public opinion surveys show that the public expresses greater support for gender-targeted AA than for race-targeted AA, but no research has addressed the extent to which...