For decades the European Treaties neither regulated nor envisaged any formal relations between national parliaments and the European Community/European Union (EU) institutions. The role of national parliaments in European affairs was therefore to a large extent overlooked. The situation began to...

This Cost of Non-Europe report is designed to contribute to a clearer understanding of the potential benefits of building a more open and competitive internal energy market in the European Union. Many gaps and barriers are identified from reviewing the existing literature. Each represents a...