Over the last half century East Asia has become the global economy's manufacturing hub. Powerful trends have made a military conflict in East Asia, especially over Taiwan, more likely since 2016. The most important of these are China's rapid military modernisation and increasing number of...

On 5 November 2024, the citizens of the United States will elect their 47th president. After President Biden's decision to withdraw his candidacy this summer, the two candidates are former President Donald Trump and sitting Vice-President Kamala Harris. Their positions on many issues are...

The EU must remove dependencies from its energy system to ensure energy security. It currently remains too reliant on imported fossil fuels which give external powers excessive control over its energy supply. A generation system powered by Europe's own natural resources would remove this...

The EU must remove dependencies from its energy system to ensure energy security. It currently remains too reliant on imported fossil fuels which give external powers excessive control over its energy supply. A generation system powered by Europe's own natural resources would remove this...

Southeast Asia is becoming more multipolar, with countries reevaluating their alliances and embracing non-alignment. Europe, however, risks being sidelined due to fragmented engagement and an erratic regional presence. Europe's influence is undermined by a lack of strategic cohesion and...

Southeast Asia is becoming more multipolar, with countries reevaluating their alliances and embracing non-alignment. Europe, however, risks being sidelined due to fragmented engagement and an erratic regional presence. Europe's influence is undermined by a lack of strategic cohesion and...

Relations between most of the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries and third powers have been visibly intensifying in recent years. China, Turkey, Iran and the Arab states are all a bigger presence in the region than was the case a decade ago. This trend is driven by, on the one hand, the growing...

This Occasional Paper is devoted to the proposals on European defence under discussion during the 2008 French EU Presidency. While Americans and Europeans alike support stronger EU-NATO cooperation, the output has so far been unsatisfactory. This paper examines specific initiatives for a...

EU governments are gradually coming around to the idea that they need to open up their defence markets, especially at a time when growing budgetary constraints clash with the increasing need for sophisticated military equipment. Governments have already agreed to the Code of Conduct on Defence...

The ongoing crisis in Turkey must be seen against the background of a bifurcated society, a weak political system, a low-level insurgency in Eastern Anatolia and a military-dominated power elite steeped in a state ideology known as Kemalism. Kemalists perceive political Islam, Kurdish...