Purpose – The coordination difficulties and risks inherent to business conduct are magnified in alliance relationships, posing a greater challenge for partners. The purpose of this paper is to propose real option perspective to examine how relational risk perceptions shape commitment behaviour...

The article determines which conflict resolution mechanisms are constructive and which are destructive, through analysing contractual agreements in European biotechnology enterprises. In the article, the term mechanism is used to refer to tools or the way in which conflicts are resolved....