Exchange market pressure (EMP) measures the pressure on a currencyto depreciate. It adds to the actual depreciation a weightedcombination of policy instruments used to ward off depreciation,such as interest rates and foreign exchange interventions, where theweights are their effectiveness. The...

The creation of the European Central Bank and the Euro have brought new challenges to EU integration and economic policy. This book looks into issues ofmonetary and factor market policies. The analysis also presents new theoretical and empirical research on the - transitory - decline of the...