This paper presents an algorithm to solve the multilevel location-allocation problem when sabotage risk is considered (MLLAP-SB). Sabotage risk is the risk that a deliberate act of sabotage will happen in a living area or during the transportation of a vehicle. This can change the way decisions...

This research proposed an optimization method using a solution technique based on two well-known techniques, differential evolution and particle swarm optimization, to tackle a multi-visit and multi-period workforce scheduling and routing problem in field service operation of a sugarcane mill...