In the first paper we extended the van der Waals square gradient model for the equilibrium liquid–vapor interface to nonequilibrium systems. Both the density and the temperature depended on position and time. Heat transport and evaporation and condensation through the interface were described....

In a first paper we extended the van der Waals square gradient model for the equilibrium liquid–vapor interface to nonequilibrium systems, in which both the density and the temperature depend on position and time. In this paper, we defined and calculated the excess densities for an arbitrary...