-euro area assets/liabilities, before stage 3 of EMU. A number of key factors determining the currency distribution of … a special emphasis on the first year of the euro. A contribution is made as to how to measure these roles, both for … identification of changes in the role of the euro during 1999 compared to the aggregate of euro predecessor currencies, net of intra …

Which have been the consequences of the euro for integration and economic performance in the Baltic Sea region? After …: the Polish zloty depreciated in the critical moment of the crisis, while currency boards with the aim of joining the euro … Sea region suggests that the euro provides "the golden fetters" of our time. Emigration, also a kind of integration, has …