Consumption is positively correlated with disposable income, due to higher oil prices a fall in disposable income will decreases consumption and production and adverse impact on growth. If investment decisions are concerned increase in oil prices will increase cost of production and lowers...

In this era of new revolution of globalization and trade liberalization, exchange rates (ER) are one of the fundamental factors in international trade. This research focus on the determinants of trade i.e. Import, export, industrial growth, consumption level and oil prices fluctuation brings...

This research examines empirically volatility spillover effect of oil prices on exchange rate. We are specifically concerned with the comparison of the relative magnitude of the oil shock on the exchange rate volatilities of 5 major oil importers (Pakistan, India, China, Japan, and Germany) and...