Persistent and widespread psychological attitudes distort both the subjective probability of future economic events and their retrospective interpretation. It could lead to a systematic gap between (over critic) judgments and (over confident) expectations - the “survey forecast error”. When...

La psicologia mostra che la probabilità soggettiva associata ad eventi economici futuri viene distorta in modo sistematico, rispetto a quella oggettiva, da elementi psicologici diffusi e persistenti. Lo stesso vale per l'interpretazione retrospettiva dei fatti economici. In particolare, si...

The answers to qualitative questions put to economic operators can be integrated in standard macro-economic analysis by using a “quantification” procedure chosen among the probabilistic approach, the regression methods or the latent factor approach. The first one is the most commonly used....