"In many countries, college-bound high school seniors must pass a test or series of tests. In Israel, this requirement is known as the "Bagrut", or matriculation certificate, obtained by passing a series of subject tests. In spite of the Bagrut's value, Israeli society is marked by vast...

Performance-related pay for teachers is being introduced in many countries, but there is little evaluation to date on the effects of such programs. This paper evaluates a particular incentive experiment. The incentive program is a rank-order tournament among teachers of English, Hebrew, and...