In the economic literature on market competition, firms are often modeled as single decision makers and the internal organization of the firm is neglected (unitary player assumption). However, as the literature on strategic delegation suggests, one can not generally expect that the behavior of...

We use an experiment to explore how subjects learn to play against computers which are programmed to follow one of a number of standard learning algorithms. The learning theories are (unbeknown to subjects) a best response process, fictitious play, imitation, reinforcement learning, and a trial...

Recently there has been much work on learning in games. However, learning usually means learning about behavior of opponents rather than learning about the game as such. Here we test in an experiment whether players in a repeated encounter can learn the payoff structures of their opponents by...