This paper explores the impacts of foreign and domestic demand on Indonesia's exports within demand and supply frameworks using aggregate data of 1971 - 2007. To capture effects of secular and cyclical movements on exports, we dissect income variables into trend and business cycle as proxies of...

The effectiveness of The Maastricht Treaty (MT) to induce economic convergence in the area was questionable after some Eurozone countries hit by the recent economic crisis. Some studies showed that Maastricht Criteria (MC) as accession criteria for euro membership contributed to low growth in...