Regulators and shareholders are calling for independent directors. Independent directors, however, have numerous external professional commitments. Using To- bin's Q as an approximation of market valuation and controlling for endogeneity, our empirical analysis reveals that neither external...

Regulators and shareholders are calling for independent directors. Independent directors, however, have numerous external professional commitments. Using To- bin's Q as an approximation of market valuation and controlling for endogeneity, our empirical analysis reveals that neither external...

Regulators and shareholders are calling for independent directors. Independent directors, however, have numerous external professional commitments. Using  To- bin’s Q as an approximation  of market valuation and controlling for endogeneity, our empirical analysis reveals that neither...