The Haezendonck–Goovaerts risk measure is based on the premium calculation principle induced by an Orlicz norm, which is defined via an increasing and convex Young function and a parameter q∈(0,1) representing the confidence level. In this paper, we first reestablish the first-order...

Karamata’s theorem is well known, which examines the integral properties of regular variation functions. In this paper, we obtain the second-order version of Karamata’s theorem, and give its one application in characterizing the second-order regular variation property of a survival function...