The emergent social demand on firms to communicate their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) activities to the public poses increasing pressures on corporate reporting and construes different corporate reactions. This study investigates the relationship between board co-option and ESG...

The current study examines the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement on corporate financial performance (CFP). Prior studies document a positive CSR-CFP association without considering the moderating effects of chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics such as...

In order to align executives' interests with shareholders' interests, board of directors has rewarded executives with more option-based payments in the past decades. However, as volatility of share return increases, CEOs are more risk averse because their human capital and wealth are...