FDI is an important source of capital, technology, and skills transfer for both developing and developed economies, this paper explores the effects of three determinants of bilateral FDI, including natural barriers, the “at-the-border” barrier (regional trade agreement), and the...

We resolve several scenarios of post-Brexit using a multi-country simulations model of neoclassical growth. We started by assuming the UK unilaterally imposed much tighter restrictions on foreign direct investment and trade with other EU countries. Then we assume the European Union imposes and...