This paper extends finance theory under risk to account for borrowing behavior under financial stress conditions. As the financial stress level for the firm increases, the role of credit or unused borrowing capacity changes. With a strong equity position, credit is valued as a reserve to avoid...

The 1998 Survey of Small Business Finances provides robust information on the financing of small businesses including an overview of their firm’s organization, financial characteristics, and credit use. Information from the survey is used in this study to compare the financial characteristics...

There now exists a large literature on price transmission in agro-food sectors. However, a great majority of empirical studies focus on the existence of asymmetry and, by and large, do not allow investigating the reason for its presence or absence. This is in sharp contrast to the theoretical...