Metamodeling techniques have recently been proposed to address the computational issues related to the valuation of large portfolios of variable annuity contracts. However, it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, for researchers to obtain real datasets from insurance companies in order to...

The valuation of variable annuity guarantees has been studied extensively in the past four decades. However, almost all the studies focus on the valuation of guarantees embedded in a single variable annuity contract. How to efficiently price the guarantees for a large portfolio of variable...

Variable annuities are equity-linked annuity products that have rapidly grown in popularity around the world in recent years. Research up to date on variable annuity largely focuses on the valuation of guarantees embedded in a single variable annuity contract. However, methods developed for...