Between 1982 and 1987, the Australian audit market experienced an increase in price competition resulting from changes in professional rules governing advertising and marketing practices as well as the introduction of widespread audit tendering. Because these changes are generally assumed to...

The pricing of Big 4 industry leadership is examined for a sample of U.K. publicly-listed companies, and adds to the evidence from the Australian and U.S. audit markets that city-specific industry leadership commands a fee premium. There is a significant fee premium for city-specific industry...

This study provides evidence that auditors adopted risk-management policies in the early 1990's in order to reduce their exposure to legal liability. Specifically, there is evidence that their clienteles became less risky and evidence of more conservative auditor reporting policies by non-Big 6...