The economic damage caused by the 2008 financial crisis is unprecedented. It caught many market participants by surprise. In this paper, we provide evidence that institutional investors have private information about the impendent crisis. In particular, institutional investors reduce their...

The astonishing collapse of the largest financial institutions managed by repulsively high-paid Wall Street executives led to the Say-on-Pay rules in the Dodd-Frank legislation. However, the shareholders of S&P 500 firms do not seem to exercise their newly granted right as anticipated by the...

We study the government equity infusions and the incentives of banks to participate in the Capital Purchase Program (CPP) of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). We show that strong banks opted out of participating in CPP and that equity infusions were provided to banks that posed systemic...