We provide the first in-depth examination of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) within actively managed mutual fund (AMMF) portfolios to better understand why AMMFs make substantial investments in passive ETFs. We examine the association between holding ETF positions and AMMF performance, as well as...

Mutual funds with managers who share a work connection have greater overlap in portfolio holdings, equity purchases, and equity sales. This relationship develops after a work connection begins and persists after the connection ends. Several tests to mitigate endogeneity concerns provide...