This paper analyses the smoothing of asymmetric shocks to output for a sample of OECD countries. It also examines whether the private capital markets will be able to replace the government in providing output smoothing in the euro-area, in the near future. The research finds no evidence of large...

Capital mobility impedes the ability of authorities to pursue independent policy goals. Market participants will drive the informal adoption of the most adaptive currency. The current paper is descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive. A Granger-Sims causality test shows the dependency of...

Potential new entrants to the European Union from Central and Eastern European countries face many challenges to achieve financial convergence with the existing EU nations. Using detailed case studies from Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland and analysis of cross country...