In this paper, we study the price of Variable Annuity Guarantees, especially of Guaranteed Annuity Options (GAO) and Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit (GMIB), and this in the settings of a derivative pricing model where the underlying spot (the fund) is locally governed by a geometric Brownian...

The idea of this document is to provide the reader with an intuitive, yet rigorous and comprehensive introduction to the main tools in stochastic analysis required in Finance to understand the modern modelling, pricing and hedging techniques. The most important models (Brownian motion,...