A novel application of input–output analysis is used to statistically map out average levels of generation of unwanted solid and liquid waste materials and also greenhouse gases along manufacturing supply chains for the final demand products of manufacturing industries in Japan. One key...

Management and protection of proprietary intangible assets, such as technology and management skills, are important for firms considering international expansion via joint ventures. Joint venture partners have incentives to appropriate intangible property. Also, many governments have instituted...