Different ETS allowance distribution method may vary the effeteness of the ETS on the regulated firm’s performance. This paper uses the Propensity Score Matching Difference-in-Differences method found that the China ETS could increase its regulated firm competitiveness from different aspects....

The pilot carbon emission trading schemes (ETSs) of China were created to combat climate change in a cost-effective and economically efficient manner, and their potential impact on regulated firms has drawn increasing attention. This study is conducted to provide empirical evidence on the effect...

This paper examines how the target's customer concentration affects merger performance. We find that the acquirer purchasing a customer-concentrated firm experiences significantly lower announcement return and worse long-run stock performance. The effect is more pronounced when the customers...

Prior studies examine outside directors' characteristics without considering their behaviors and document mixed results. We propose a new measure based on dissenting opinions expressed by outside directors in board meetings, which provide unique insights into their active monitoring actions. We...